June 5, 2025
In a time of global economic uncertainty, exacerbated by shifting U.S. trade policies, many companies are looking to diversify where they do business. Quebec is increasingly on the radar, with its strong economy, strategic location and access to North American markets. But doing business here requires understanding a distinct legal and linguistic framework.
“Embracing these features is key to building a sustainable and successful presence in the province,” says Jean-Philippe Mikus, a partner at international business law firm Fasken in Montreal and regional co-leader of the law firm’s intellectual property practice in Quebec.
One of the most prominent examples of Quebec’s distinctiveness is its language legislation. On June 1, new provisions under Bill 96, also known as Law 14, came into force. They affect how Canadian and international businesses communicate publicly if they have retail, franchise, online or commercial operations in the province. That underscores the need for sound guidance on how to meet requirements.
“I see signage that clearly doesn’t comply, and I think, ‘these businesses could face a lot of problems’,” says Mr. Mikus, who has advised both companies and government stakeholders since the law was introduced, and has closely followed the developments.
Bill 96, enacted in 2022, strengthens the use of French in business operations. Among its key provisions: any non-French trademark displayed publicly must be accompanied by French text that is “markedly predominant” and in the “same visual field.” This applies across all sectors, and may require significant adjustments to signage and packaging.
“The French text actually must take up twice the space of the trademark,” Mr. Mikus explains. “That’s a lot of real estate, especially when you’re also dealing with municipal signage restrictions.”
Fasken has helped many businesses navigate these changes. To comply, some companies need to make only minor tweaks, while others require full redesigns. Whatever the steps needed, they’re not optional. As Mr. Mikus notes, there’s a common misconception that older signage is grandfathered in. “That’s not the case. And while enforcement has been delayed, that grace period ended June 1.”
Businesses found non-compliant could face fines ranging from $3,000 to $30,000 per day. While the Office québécois de la langue française is expected to issue warnings before imposing penalties, the cost of contesting a decision can be high.
“Getting advice early is key,” says Mr. Mikus. “And if you’re already in violation, it’s important to act quickly and strategically.”
Language compliance is just one aspect of operating in Quebec. Mr. Mikus says that companies looking to establish or expand themselves in the province will discover an environment that supports business growth. But for any organizations that are new to Quebec, it’s essential to gain insight into a system rooted in civil law, and shaped by a strong commitment to cultural identity and social responsibility.
Quebec presents opportunities as well as complexities, and the learning curve can be steep, says Mr. Mikus. That’s where legal advisors like Fasken come in. “By helping businesses meet specific requirements and also understand the broader regulatory landscape, Fasken helps companies to be positioned for success.”
As global markets and local requirements both evolve, Fasken serves as a valuable resource. To learn more about doing business in Quebec—including compliance with Bill 96 and other regulatory needs—visit the Fasken website or the Fasken resource centre.
